CWE-90: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query ('LDAP Injection')

The product constructs all or part of an LDAP query using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended LDAP query when it is sent to a downstream component.

Consequences

• Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability: Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Read Application Data, Modify Application Data

How to prevent it

• Implementation: Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue." Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.

Recent advisories

• GHSA-6mwx-4547-5vc9 — OpenBao: LDAPi ldaputil (wrong escape func)
• GHSA-cqh3-jg8p-336j — Yamcs Vulnerable to LDAP Injection in LdapAuthModule
• GHSA-rxvx-hhpj-q6px — ZITADEL has LDAP Filter Injection in Login Flow
• GHSA-c3fc-8qff-9hwx — Bouncy Castle has an LDAP injection
• GHSA-w83q-mcmx-mh42 — n8n Vulnerable to LDAP Filter Injection in LDAP Node
• GHSA-7m6r-fhh7-r47c — Parse Server vulnerable to LDAP injection via unsanitized user input in DN and group filter construction
• GHSA-cvf4-f829-762v — pgAdmin is affected by an LDAP injection vulnerability
• GHSA-4r67-4x4p-fprg — Mattermost allows authenticated administrator to execute LDAP search filter injection
• GHSA-8hc5-rmgf-qx6p — Keycloak vulnerable to LDAP Injection on UsernameForm Login
• GHSA-2x9h-h3c4-wqqh — Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an LDAP Query in Jenkins

All advisories for CWE-90