GHSA-c392-whpc-vfpr BIT-airflow-2024-45498 CVE-2024-45498 PYSEC-2024-266
Apache Airflow vulnerable to Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
- Severity
- 0.0 / 10
- High · CVSS 4.0
- Exploit chance (EPSS)
- 1.24%
- Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 69.09% of scored vulnerabilities.
- Known exploited
- No
- Not in CISA's catalog
- Weakness
- CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
- Fix
2.10.1- Upgrade apache-airflow to this version or later
Description
Example DAG: example_inlet_event_extra.py shipped with Apache Airflow version 2.10.0 has a vulnerability that allows an authenticated attacker with only DAG trigger permission to execute arbitrary commands. If you used that example as the base of your DAGs - please review if you have not copied the dangerous example; see https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/41873 for more information. We recommend against exposing the example DAGs in your deployment. If you must expose the example DAGs, upgrade Airflow to version 2.10.1 or later.
Affected versions
PyPI
| Package | Vulnerable | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| apache-airflow | >= 2.10.0, < 2.10.1 |
2.10.1 |
| apache-airflow | <= 2.10.0-NA |
No fix yet |
How to fix
Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.
apache-airflow PyPI → 2.10.1
- pip
pip install --upgrade "apache-airflow>=2.10.1"- poetry
poetry add "apache-airflow>=2.10.1"- uv
uv add "apache-airflow>=2.10.1"
Severity breakdown
CVSS 4.0 0.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
- High
- Integrity (vulnerable system)
- High
- Availability (vulnerable system)
- High
- Confidentiality (subsequent systems)
- None
- Integrity (subsequent systems)
- None
- Availability (subsequent systems)
- None
CVSS 3.1 8.8
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- High
- Availability
- High
Weakness
CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.
How to prevent it
- Architecture and Design: Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error. Alternately, use built-in functions, but consider using wrappers in case those functions are discovered to have a vulnerability.
- Architecture and Design: If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated. For example, stored procedures can enforce database query structure and reduce the likelihood of SQL injection.
- Architecture and Design, Implementation: Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
- Architecture and Design: In some cases, input validation may be an important strategy when output encoding is not a complete solution. For example, you may be providing the same output that will be processed by multiple consumers that use different encodings or representations. In other cases, you may be required to allow user-supplied input to contain control information, such as limited HTML tags that support formatting in a wiki or bulletin board. When this type of requirement must be met, use an extremely strict allowlist to limit which control sequences can be used. Verify that the resulting syntactic structure is what you expect. Use your normal encoding methods for the remainder of the input.
- Architecture and Design: Use input validation as a defense-in-depth measure to reduce the likelihood of output encoding errors (see CWE-20).
- Requirements: Fully specify which encodings are required by components that will be communicating with each other.
- Implementation: When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
References
Advisories
Packages
Other links
- github.com/apache/airflow/pull/41873
- github.com/apache/airflow/commit/09ec2616568f8a18e0d5fe408110fae06ddf748f
- github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/apache-airflow/PYSEC-2024-266…
- lists.apache.org/thread/tl7lzczcqdmqj2pcpbvtjdpd2tb9561n
- openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/09/06/2
- openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/09/06/2
Timeline
- Published
- Last updated by the source
- Latest EPSS score
Related advisories
| Advisory | Severity | Why it's related |
|---|---|---|
| CVE-2020-13927 Authentication bypass in Apache Airflow | Critical Known exploited | Also affects apache-airflow |
| CVE-2020-11978 Remote code execution (RCE) in Apache Airflow | High Known exploited | Also affects apache-airflow |
| PYSEC-2026-3990 Apache Airflow: the Core API logout endpoint revokes only a session token presented as the _token cookie. | Critical | Also affects apache-airflow |
| PYSEC-2026-3989 When a request to the Airflow core API carries both a session cookie and an explicit `Authorization: Bearer` token, Airflow resolves the caller from the cookie… | Medium | Also affects apache-airflow |
| PYSEC-2026-3988 Apache Airflow's `/assets/events` API returned asset events for every Dag in the deployment, with no filter restricting them to the Dags the caller is… | Medium | Also affects apache-airflow |
| GHSA-5247-m8w9-2v4m Apache Airflow missing team context permits cross-team Dag actions and XCom reads | Medium | Also affects apache-airflow |
| GHSA-f3c2-j7g8-vpp8 Apache Airflow Task SDK fails to mask list-shaped JSON Variables | Medium | Also affects apache-airflow |
| GHSA-cjv4-7hp2-2x9h Apache Airflow bulk endpoints log Variable and Connection secrets in cleartext | Medium | Also affects apache-airflow |
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