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GHSA-62r4-hw23-cc8v CVE-2025-68668

n8n Vulnerable to Arbitrary Command Execution in Pyodide based Python Code Node

Critical npm
Severity
9.9 / 10
Critical · CVSS 3.1
Exploit chance (EPSS)
13.17%
Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 96.36% of scored vulnerabilities.
Known exploited
No
Not in CISA's catalog
Weakness
CWE-693 Protection Mechanism Failure
Fix
2.0.0
Upgrade n8n to this version or later

Description

Impact

A sandbox bypass vulnerability exists in the Python Code Node that uses Pyodide.

An authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary commands on the host system running n8n, using the same privileges as the n8n process.

Patches

In n8n version 1.111.0, a task-runner-based native Python implementation was introduced as an optional feature, providing a more secure isolation model.

To enable it, you need to configure the N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED and N8N_NATIVE_PYTHON_RUNNER environment variables.

This implementation became the default starting with n8n version 2.0.0.

Workarounds

  • Disable the Code Node by setting the environment variable NODES_EXCLUDE: "[\"n8n-nodes-base.code\"]" (Docs)
  • Disable Python support in the Code node by setting the environment variable N8N_PYTHON_ENABLED=false, which was introduced in n8n version 1.104.0.
  • Configure n8n to use the task runner based Python sandbox via the N8N_RUNNERS_ENABLED and N8N_NATIVE_PYTHON_RUNNER environment variables. (Docs)

Resources

Affected versions

npm

PackageVulnerableFixed in
n8n
>= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0
2.0.0

How to fix

Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.

n8n npm → 2.0.0

npm
npm install n8n@2.0.0
yarn
yarn add n8n@2.0.0
pnpm
pnpm add n8n@2.0.0

Severity breakdown

CVSS 3.1 9.9

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
Low

Weakness

CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure

The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

References

Advisories

Packages

Other links

Timeline

  1. Published
  2. Last updated by the source
  3. Latest EPSS score
AdvisorySeverityWhy it's related
GHSA-v98v-ff95-f3cp
n8n Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via Expression Injection
High Known exploited Also affects n8n
GHSA-qgpw-8g46-w95v
n8n: Git Node branch.<name>.remote Config Key Bypasses Sandbox Path Restriction, Enabling Local Git Repository Read
Medium Also affects n8n
GHSA-65xw-2v52-jhxc
n8n: Cross-User Active Workflow ID and Lifecycle Event Disclosure via Missing userId Filter
Medium Also affects n8n
GHSA-pq6c-vh67-xpm3
n8n: Log Streaming Event Destinations Decrypt Generic-Auth Credentials Without Ownership Check
Medium Also affects n8n
GHSA-cqr2-h44g-v75v
n8n: Cross-Tenant Project-Member PII Disclosure via Missing Per-Project Scope Check on Role Assignment Endpoints
Medium Also affects n8n
GHSA-pf83-w3f9-8m37
n8n: Disabled OIDC SSO Endpoints Remain Active and Issue Valid Sessions
Medium Also affects n8n
GHSA-6xcw-7xm6-48c6
n8n: Expression Sandbox Escape via Shared Builtin Tampering and Code-Printer Injection Leads to Code Execution
High Also affects n8n
GHSA-34ff-336r-5q23
n8n: Domain-Restriction Bypass via Unguarded Model-Search Endpoint in OpenAI Chat Model Node
Medium Also affects n8n
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