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GHSA-w5c7-9qqw-6645

OpenClaw inter-session prompts could be treated as direct user instructions

High npm
Severity
0.0 / 10
High · CVSS 4.0
Exploit chance (EPSS)
—
No score published
Known exploited
No
Not in CISA's catalog
Weakness
CWE-345 Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Fix
2026.2.13
Upgrade openclaw to this version or later

Description

Summary

Inter-session messages sent via sessions_send could be interpreted as direct end-user instructions because they were persisted as role: "user" without provenance metadata.

Affected Packages / Versions

  • Package: openclaw (npm)
  • Affected versions: <= 2026.2.12 (i.e. < 2026.2.13)
  • Fixed in: 2026.2.13 (patched versions >= 2026.2.13)

Impact

A delegated or internal session could inject instructions into another session that appeared equivalent to externally-originated user input.

This is an instruction-provenance confusion issue (confused-deputy style), which can lead to unintended privileged behavior in workflows that trust role: "user" as a sole authority signal.

Technical details

Before the fix, routed inter-session prompts were stored as regular user turns without a verifiable source marker.

As a result, downstream workers and transcript readers could not distinguish:

  • External user input
  • Internal inter-session routed input

Fix

OpenClaw now carries explicit input provenance end-to-end for routed prompts.

Key changes:

  • Added structured provenance model (inputProvenance) with kind values including inter_session.
  • sessions_send and agent-to-agent steps now set inter-session provenance when invoking target runs.
  • Provenance is persisted on user messages as message.provenance.kind = "inter_session" (role remains user for provider compatibility).
  • Transcript readers and memory helpers were updated to respect provenance and avoid treating inter-session prompts as external user-originated input.
  • Runtime context rebuilding now annotates inter-session turns with an explicit in-memory marker ([Inter-session message]) for clearer model-side disambiguation.
  • Regression tests were added for transcript parsing, session tools flow, runner sanitization, and memory hook behavior.

Fix Commit(s)

  • 85409e401b6586f83954cb53552395d7aab04797

Workarounds

If immediate upgrade is not possible:

  • Disable or restrict sessions_send in affected environments.
  • Do not use role alone as an authority boundary; require provenance-aware checks in orchestration logic.

Credit

Reported by @anbecker.

Thanks @anbecker for reporting.

Affected versions

npm

PackageVulnerableFixed in
openclaw
< 2026.2.13
2026.2.13

How to fix

Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.

openclaw npm → 2026.2.13

npm
npm install openclaw@2026.2.13
yarn
yarn add openclaw@2026.2.13
pnpm
pnpm add openclaw@2026.2.13

Severity breakdown

CVSS 4.0 0.0

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Attack requirements
None
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
Low
Integrity (vulnerable system)
High
Availability (vulnerable system)
None
Confidentiality (subsequent systems)
None
Integrity (subsequent systems)
None
Availability (subsequent systems)
None

Weakness

CWE-345: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity

The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.

References

Timeline

  1. Published
  2. Last updated by the source
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