GHSA-r9q5-c7qc-p26w CVE-2026-28449
OpenClaw's Nextcloud Talk webhook replay could trigger duplicate inbound processing
- Severity
- 0.0 / 10
- Medium · CVSS 4.0
- Exploit chance (EPSS)
- 0.28%
- Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 20.20% of scored vulnerabilities.
- Known exploited
- No
- Not in CISA's catalog
- Weakness
- CWE-294 Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
- Fix
2026.2.25- Upgrade openclaw to this version or later
Description
Summary
When Nextcloud Talk webhook signing was valid, replayed requests could be accepted without durable replay suppression, allowing duplicate inbound processing after replay-window expiry or process restart.
Details
OpenClaw's Nextcloud Talk webhook path verified HMAC(secret, random + body) but previously lacked durable replay state tied to webhook events. This allowed replay of a previously valid signed request in some operational conditions.
The fix on main adds:
- persistent per-account replay dedupe for Nextcloud Talk webhook events,
- replay checks before webhook side effects (
onMessage), - backend-origin validation against configured account base URL (when configured).
Impact
A captured valid signed webhook request could be replayed to trigger duplicate inbound handling. This is an integrity/availability issue (duplicate actions/noise), scoped to deployments using Nextcloud Talk webhook integration.
Affected Packages / Versions
- Package:
openclaw(npm) - Affected:
<= 2026.2.24 - Patched in release:
2026.2.25
Fix Commit(s)
d512163d686ad6741783e7119ddb3437f493dbbc
Release Process Note
patched_versions is pre-set to the release (2026.2.25) so once npm release 2026.2.25 is published, advisory is now published.
OpenClaw thanks @aristorechina for reporting.
Affected versions
npm
| Package | Vulnerable | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| openclaw | < 2026.2.25 |
2026.2.25 |
How to fix
Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.
openclaw npm → 2026.2.25
- npm
npm install openclaw@2026.2.25- yarn
yarn add openclaw@2026.2.25- pnpm
pnpm add openclaw@2026.2.25
Severity breakdown
CVSS 4.0 0.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
- None
- Integrity (vulnerable system)
- Low
- Availability (vulnerable system)
- Low
- Confidentiality (subsequent systems)
- None
- Integrity (subsequent systems)
- None
- Availability (subsequent systems)
- None
CVSS 3.1 6.5
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- Low
Weakness
CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
How to prevent it
- Architecture and Design: Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
- Architecture and Design: Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
References
Advisories
Packages
Other links
Timeline
- Published
- Last updated by the source
- Latest EPSS score
Related advisories
| Advisory | Severity | Why it's related |
|---|---|---|
| GHSA-3x84-qq85-fj65 OpenClaw: Browser CDP discovery could accept blocked WebSocket URLs | High | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-9c3v-684m-579c OpenClaw MCP SSE redirects could forward Authorization headers | Medium | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-f397-5vjw-v2c2 OpenClaw: Shell inline-command parsing could miss an allowlist check | High | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-rx78-29qr-5hq8 OpenClaw: Workspace-derived service PATH could influence trash command selection | High | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-ccwh-wwpp-6wg5 OpenClaw: Host environment sanitizer missed two Node.js control variables | High | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-985f-72mj-8gf7 OpenClaw: Tool group policy callers could accept unvalidated group IDs | Medium | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-9v8j-9c9g-w66c OpenClaw: Bootstrap token replay could widen pending pairing scopes | Medium | Also affects openclaw |
| GHSA-c226-q6fx-6j6c OpenClaw: macOS Swift exec allowlist missed combined POSIX inline flags | Medium | Also affects openclaw |
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