GHSA-qgp4-5qx6-548g CVE-2021-29460
Cross-site scripting (XSS) from unsanitized uploaded SVG files in Kirby
- Severity
- 7.6 / 10
- High · CVSS 3.1
- Exploit chance (EPSS)
- 3.17%
- Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 88.05% of scored vulnerabilities.
- Known exploited
- No
- Not in CISA's catalog
- Weakness
- CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
- Fix
3.5.4- Upgrade getkirby/cms to this version or later
Description
Impact
An editor with write access to the Kirby Panel can upload an SVG or XML file that contains harmful content like <script> tags. The direct link to that file can be sent to other users or visitors of the site. If the victim opens that link in a browser where they are logged in to Kirby, the script will run and can for example trigger requests to Kirby's API with the permissions of the victim.
This vulnerability is critical if you might have potential attackers in your group of authenticated Panel users. They can escalate their privileges if they get access to the Panel session of an admin user. Depending on your site, other JavaScript-powered attacks are possible.
Visitors without Panel access can only use this attack vector if your site allows SVG or XML file uploads in frontend forms and you don't already validate or sanitize uploaded SVG or XML files.
The attack requires user interaction by another user or visitor and cannot be automated.
Patches
Uploads in the Panel
The problem has been patched in Kirby 3.5.4 by validating uploaded SVG and XML files and rejecting potentially harmful files. Please update to this or a later version to fix the vulnerability.
Frontend upload forms
Frontend upload forms need to be patched separately depending on how they store the uploaded file(s). If you use File::create(), you are protected by updating to Kirby 3.5.4+.
Validate existing files
Already uploaded files are not automatically validated again. If you are not sure if you have been impacted by this vulnerability in the past, we recommend to run all site files through the validator classes after updating to Kirby 3.5.4. You can use the following test script by pasting it into a template or uploading it to your web root:
<?php
@include_once __DIR__ . '/kirby/bootstrap.php';
if (version_compare(kirby()->version(), '3.5.4', '<') === true) {
die('This script requires Kirby 3.5.4+.');
}
$objects = [
// the site itself
site(),
// all pages and drafts
...site()->index(true)->values(),
// all users
...kirby()->users()->values()
];
$errors = false;
foreach ($objects as $object) {
foreach ($object->files() as $file) {
try {
// validate the contents lazily
// (if a validator exists)
$file->validateContents(true);
} catch (\Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException $e) {
echo $file->id() . ': ' . $e->getMessage() . "<br>\n";
$errors = true;
}
}
}
if ($errors === false) {
echo 'No validation errors found.';
}
You only need to run this validator script once as future uploads will automatically be validated. If the script prints "No validation errors found", you have not been impacted by the vulnerability so far.
Errors that it lists may or may not be critical as our validator classes also catch files with an invalid data structure or less harmful attacks like the "billion laughs" denial-of-service attack or the usage of external sources. We recommend to review and fix each listed error manually until the script no longer finds any validation errors.
Please delete the script again after you have used it.
Workarounds
If you cannot update to Kirby 3.5.4, you can disable the upload of SVG and XML files in your file blueprints and validate or replace your already uploaded files once.
Credits
Thanks to @sreenathr10 for reporting the problem.
Affected versions
Packagist
| Package | Vulnerable | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| getkirby/cms | < 3.5.4 |
3.5.4 |
How to fix
Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.
getkirby/cms Packagist → 3.5.4
- composer
composer require getkirby/cms:^3.5.4
Severity breakdown
CVSS 3.1 7.6
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Changed
- Confidentiality
- High
- Integrity
- Low
- Availability
- None
Weakness
CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.
How to prevent it
- Architecture and Design: Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482]. Examples of libraries and frameworks that make it easier to generate properly encoded output include Microsoft's Anti-XSS library, the OWASP ESAPI Encoding module, and Apache Wicket.
- Implementation, Architecture and Design: Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies. For any data that will be output to another web page, especially any data that was received from external inputs, use the appropriate encoding on all non-alphanumeric characters. Parts of the same output document may require different encodings, which will vary depending on whether the output is in the: HTML body Element attributes (such as src="XYZ") URIs JavaScript sections Cascading Style Sheets and style property etc. Note that HTML Entity Encoding is only appropriate for the HTML body. Consult the XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet [REF-724] for more details on the types of encoding and escaping that are needed.
- Architecture and Design, Implementation: Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Architecture and Design: For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Architecture and Design: If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
- Implementation: Use and specify an output encoding that can be handled by the downstream component that is reading the output. Common encodings include ISO-8859-1, UTF-7, and UTF-8. When an encoding is not specified, a downstream component may choose a different encoding, either by assuming a default encoding or automatically inferring which encoding is being used, which can be erroneous. When the encodings are inconsistent, the downstream component might treat some character or byte sequences as special, even if they are not special in the original encoding. Attackers might then be able to exploit this discrepancy and conduct injection attacks; they even might be able to bypass protection mechanisms that assume the original encoding is also being used by the downstream component. The problem of inconsistent output encodings often arises in web pages. If an encoding is not specified in an HTTP header, web browsers often guess about which encoding is being used. This can open up the browser to subtle XSS attacks.
- Implementation: With Struts, write all data from form beans with the bean's filter attribute set to true.
- Implementation: To help mitigate XSS attacks against the user's session cookie, set the session cookie to be HttpOnly. In browsers that support the HttpOnly feature (such as more recent versions of Internet Explorer and Firefox), this attribute can prevent the user's session cookie from being accessible to malicious client-side scripts that use document.cookie. This is not a complete solution, since HttpOnly is not supported by all browsers. More importantly, XmlHttpRequest and other powerful browser technologies provide read access to HTTP headers, including the Set-Cookie header in which the HttpOnly flag is set.
- Implementation: Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does. When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue." Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright. When dynamically constructing web pages, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. All input should be validated and cleansed, not just parameters that the user is supposed to specify, but all data in the request, including hidden fields, cookies, headers, the URL itself, and so forth. A common mistake that leads to continuing XSS vulnerabilities is to validate only fields that are expected to be redisplayed by the site. It is common to see data from the request that is reflected by the application server or the application that the development team did not anticipate. Also, a field that is not currently reflected may be used by a future developer. Therefore, validating ALL parts of the HTTP request is recommended. Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most ef
- Architecture and Design: When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- Operation: Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
- Operation, Implementation: When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
References
Advisories
Other links
Timeline
- Published
- Last updated by the source
- Latest EPSS score
Related advisories
| Advisory | Severity | Why it's related |
|---|---|---|
| GHSA-9vx2-j98c-p72w Kirby: Access to image files and limited access to JSON files outside of the site root via path traversal in the media handling | High | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-6j4c-mgqr-qv76 Kirby: Access to image files outside of the site root via path traversal in the media handling | Medium | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-67mx-6wf2-92xp Kirby: File upload permissions are not checked during processing of chunk data | High | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-rf2p-vh74-7vvh Kirby: System path exposure from error messages in the REST API | Medium | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-r3w8-2c5r-h9j9 Kirby: `pages.access` permission is not checked in the `site/find` REST API route | High | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-89cp-7p28-jffg Kirby: Access to files of top-level drafts is not protected by permissions | Medium | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-whxw-24jc-cwmv Kirby: External Initialization of the Panel on reverse proxy setups with the `Forwarded` header | Critical | Also affects getkirby/cms |
| GHSA-wr9h-4r83-f4v6 Kirby: Cross-site scripting (XSS) from incomplete HTML/XML sanitization in `Dom::sanitize()` | High | Also affects getkirby/cms |
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