GHSA-p84v-45xj-wwqj CVE-2023-22792
ReDoS based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch
- Severity
- Low
- The publisher's own rating, not a CVSS score
- Exploit chance (EPSS)
- 1.70%
- Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 77.15% of scored vulnerabilities.
- Known exploited
- No
- Not in CISA's catalog
- Fix
5.2.8.15- Upgrade actionpack to this version or later
Description
There is a possible regular expression based DoS vulnerability in Action Dispatch. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE identifier CVE-2023-22792.
Versions Affected: >= 3.0.0 Not affected: < 3.0.0 Fixed Versions: 5.2.8.15 (Rails LTS), 6.1.7.1, 7.0.4.1 Impact
Specially crafted cookies, in combination with a specially crafted X_FORWARDED_HOST header can cause the regular expression engine to enter a state of catastrophic backtracking. This can cause the process to use large amounts of CPU and memory, leading to a possible DoS vulnerability All users running an affected release should either upgrade or use one of the workarounds immediately. Releases
The FIXED releases are available at the normal locations. Workarounds
We recommend that all users upgrade to one of the FIXED versions. In the meantime, users can mitigate this vulnerability by using a load balancer or other device to filter out malicious X_FORWARDED_HOST headers before they reach the application. Patches
To aid users who aren’t able to upgrade immediately we have provided patches for the two supported release series. They are in git-am format and consist of a single changeset.
6-1-Use-string-split-instead-of-regex-for-domain-parts.patch - Patch for 6.1 series
7-0-Use-string-split-instead-of-regex-for-domain-parts.patch - Patch for 7.0 series
Please note that only the 7.0.Z and 6.1.Z series are supported at present, and 6.0.Z for severe vulnerabilities. Users of earlier unsupported releases are advised to upgrade as soon as possible as we cannot guarantee the continued availability of security fixes for unsupported releases.
https://rubyonrails.org/2023/1/17/Rails-Versions-6-0-6-1-6-1-7-1-7-0-4-1-have-been-released
Affected versions
RubyGems
| Package | Vulnerable | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| actionpack | >= 3.0.0, < 5.2.8.15 |
5.2.8.15 |
| actionpack | >= 6.0.0, < 6.1.7.1 |
6.1.7.1 |
| actionpack | >= 7.0.0, < 7.0.4.1 |
7.0.4.1 |
How to fix
Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.
actionpack RubyGems → 5.2.8.15
- bundler
bundle update actionpack # Gemfile: gem "actionpack", ">= 5.2.8.15"
Weakness
CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
How to prevent it
- Architecture and Design: Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
- System Configuration: Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
- Implementation: Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
- Implementation: Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How to prevent it
- Architecture and Design: Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
- Architecture and Design: Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either: recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, or uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed. The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question. The second solution is simply difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply makes the attack require more resources on the part of the attacker.
- Architecture and Design: Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
- Implementation: Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
References
Advisories
Packages
Other links
- discuss.rubyonrails.org/t/cve-2023-22792-possible-redos-based-dos-vulnerability-in-action-di…
- github.com/rails/rails/releases/tag/v7.0.4.1
- github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2023-22792.yml
- rubyonrails.org/2023/1/17/Rails-Versions-6-0-6-1-6-1-7-1-7-0-4-1-have-been-released
- security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0007
- debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372
Timeline
- Published
- Last updated by the source
- Latest EPSS score
Related advisories
| Advisory | Severity | Why it's related |
|---|---|---|
| GHSA-6x85-j5j2-27jx actionpack Path Traversal vulnerability | High Known exploited | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-xrr4-p6fq-hjg7 Directory traversal vulnerability in Action View in Ruby on Rails | High Known exploited | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-pgm4-439c-5jp6 Rails has a possible XSS vulnerability in its Action Pack debug exceptions | Medium | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-vfm5-rmrh-j26v Possible Content Security Policy bypass in Action Dispatch | Low | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-vfg9-r3fq-jvx4 Possible ReDoS vulnerability in HTTP Token authentication in Action Controller | Medium | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-x76w-6vjr-8xgj Possible ReDoS vulnerability in query parameter filtering in Action Dispatch | Medium | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-fwhr-88qx-h9g7 Missing security headers in Action Pack on non-HTML responses | Critical | Also affects actionpack |
| GHSA-9822-6m93-xqf4 Rails has possible XSS Vulnerability in Action Controller | Medium | Also affects actionpack |
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