GHSA-8h9x-89f2-m7x3 CVE-2026-61449
Grav: Decompression-bomb size cap bypassed by forged ZIP size in ZipArchiver/Installer
- Severity
- 7.1 / 10
- High · CVSS 4.0
- Exploit chance (EPSS)
- 0.30%
- Chance of exploitation in the next 30 days. Higher than 22.57% of scored vulnerabilities.
- Known exploited
- No
- Not in CISA's catalog
- Weakness
- CWE-409 Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
- Fix
2.0.2- Upgrade getgrav/grav to this version or later
Description
Summary
The decompression-bomb bound added in 2.0.1 (commit 1c1003c) sums ZipArchive::statIndex($i)['size'] and rejects an archive whose declared uncompressed total exceeds system.gpm.archive.max_uncompressed_size (default 1 GiB) before extracting (ZipArchiver.php:77-86; same logic in GPM\Installer::unZip at Installer.php:228-238). statIndex()['size'] is the uncompressed size declared in the ZIP central directory, which is attacker-forgeable and is not checked against the actual inflated stream. An archive declaring 1 byte per entry passes the cap while extractTo() writes the real (large) content. The entry-count and nesting-depth caps count real structure and still hold; only the size dimension is defeated, so the disk-fill / inode-exhaustion case the bound targets is not prevented. Incomplete fix for GHSA-928x-9mpw-8h56.
Details
extract()/unZip() validate every entry up front, then call Folder::create + extractTo. The size check is:
$totalSize += (int) $stat['size']; // declared central-directory size
if ($maxSize > 0 && $totalSize > $maxSize) { ... reject ... }
$stat['size'] is read from the central directory, which the archive author writes. libzip does not cross-check declared-vs-actual size during extractTo, so a forged-small value passes the gate and the real stream inflates to disk. The max_files (entry count) and max_depth (entry-name segments) checks are not forgeable this way.
PoC
Build a 10 KiB deflate ZIP of 10 MiB of zeros, patch both uncompressed-size fields (local header + central directory) to 1:
import zipfile, struct
data = b'\x00' * (10*1024*1024)
with zipfile.ZipFile('bomb.zip','w',zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as z:
z.writestr('big.bin', data)
raw = bytearray(open('bomb.zip','rb').read())
raw = raw.replace(struct.pack('<I', 10*1024*1024), struct.pack('<I', 1))
open('bomb_forged.zip','wb').write(raw)
Drive the exact pre-extraction loop, then extract:
$zip = new ZipArchive(); $zip->open('bomb_forged.zip');
$total = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < $zip->count(); $i++) { $total += (int) $zip->statIndex($i)['size']; }
// => $total === 1 (what the 1 GiB bound checks: PASSES)
$zip->extractTo('/tmp/zout');
// => filesize('/tmp/zout/big.bin') === 10485760 (written despite the cap)
Verified on Grav 2.0.1 (6f619f0ae), PHP 8.4.22, libzip 1.7.3.
Impact
A forged archive fills the disk / exhausts inodes during extraction. Reached via GPM\Installer::unZip (gpm install / direct-install / self-upgrade) and admin backup restore (ZipArchiver::extract). The archive bytes come from a package source or an admin upload, so the actor sits at admin/operator trust and a consented malicious package already has worse primitives.
Fix
ZipArchiver.php:77-86 and Installer.php:228-238: don't trust the declared size. Extract each entry through a counting stream (ZipArchive::getStream + fread loop) and abort once cumulative written bytes pass max_uncompressed_size, leaving nothing on disk; or check on-disk bytes incrementally during extraction. If the pre-pass stays, treat the declared-size sum as advisory and add the streamed byte counter as the real enforcement. max_files and max_depth remain effective.
Affected versions
Packagist
| Package | Vulnerable | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|
| getgrav/grav | >= 2.0.1, < 2.0.2 |
2.0.2 |
How to fix
Move to the fixed version or later with your package manager, update the lockfile, and run your tests. If the package only arrives through another dependency, upgrade that dependency first. If none of its releases pulls a fixed version yet, force the version with your package manager's override.
getgrav/grav Packagist → 2.0.2
- composer
composer require getgrav/grav:^2.0.2
Severity breakdown
CVSS 4.0 7.1
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Attack requirements
- None
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Passive
- Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
- None
- Integrity (vulnerable system)
- None
- Availability (vulnerable system)
- High
- Confidentiality (subsequent systems)
- None
- Integrity (subsequent systems)
- None
- Availability (subsequent systems)
- None
- Exploit maturity
- Not defined
- Scope
- X
CVSS 3.1 6.5
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- Required
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality
- None
- Integrity
- None
- Availability
- High
Weakness
CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
The product does not handle or incorrectly handles a compressed input with a very high compression ratio that produces a large output.
References
Advisories
Packages
Other links
Timeline
- Published
- Last updated by the source
- Latest EPSS score
Related advisories
| Advisory | Severity | Why it's related |
|---|---|---|
| GHSA-xjw5-q542-3vmr Grav: config_denied_paths default list omits `system`, exposing real secrets (e.g. system.cache.redis.password) via the Twig sandbox when config_access is enabled | High | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-3jhr-mxmx-38cx Grav: UserInterface offsetget/offsetexists allow-listed in Twig sandbox let editor-authored content leak hashed_password and 2FA secrets via offsetGet() | Medium | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-9ccq-2jfg-qw33 Grav: Origin validation bypass in Uri::referrer() and Pages::referrerRoute() via unanchored prefix match | Critical | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-38p6-h87p-r4cg Grav: Non constant time nonce comparison in Utils::verifyNonce() used for CSRF protection | Medium | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-p597-crqc-m349 Grav: The system, site, and theme Twig variables bypass the content sandbox entirely and are never covered by config_denied_paths | Medium | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-47ch-6w46-6xm7 Grav: media_directory() Twig function allows filesystem path traversal and file content disclosure from sandboxed page content | Medium | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-jq29-c7v8-rg55 Grav: Path Traversal in MediaUploadTrait::deleteFile() Allows Arbitrary File Deletion | High | Also affects getgrav/grav |
| GHSA-8hgv-xc77-jmcr Grav: Page editors can inject arbitrary script into rendered pages via the Twig sandbox's assets.addJs/addCss allowlist, escalating to super-admin | Medium | Also affects getgrav/grav |
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